On the Benefits of Integrating

This work was motivated by two problems we experienced while teaching the introductory computer programming courses CS1 and CS2. Firstly, the quality of code written by our students was poor and showed little improvement over time. The norm was overly complex code that exhibited about 80% of the speciied functionality. Secondly, it was diicult and labour intensive to evaluate student code eeectively. To address these problems , we integrated systematic veriication into both our CS1 and CS2 courses. We found that systematic veriication facilitated the key engineering principles of implementation to speciication and quality evaluation. We observed an increase in the quality of student code and a decrease in the eeort required to evaluate student code.